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Job is considered a prophet in Islam and is mentioned in the Qur'an as having been a devoted follower of God.[1] Although the Qur'an mentions Job's narrative, it does so in a concise manner. Job's narrative and character was greatly embellished upon in Islamic literature, as well as in the various collections of Stories of the Prophets.
Job's lineage was an important field of study for many of the early Islamic scholars. A prevalent belief among early commentators was that Job descended from the line of Esau, the son of Isaac. Although the various commentators gave different genealogies relating to Job, all of them traced his ancestry to Abraham through Isaac's son Esau.[2] Those scholars who traced Job's lineage back to Abraham did so by using the following Qur'anic verse as the basis for their view:
"That was the reasoning about Us which We gave to Abraham (to use) against his people. We raise whom We will degree after degree, for thy Lord is full of wisdom and knowledge. We gave him [Abraham] Isaac and Jacob, all (three) We guided; and before him We guided Noah and among his progeny David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron. Thus do We reward those who do good."[3]
Islamic theological study greatly embellished upon the nature of Job's character, which, according to the Qur'an was one of pure faith and righteousness.